Sustainable by design
We have one planet. Data-centre electricity demand is heading toward 950–1,300 TWh by the early 2030s — efficiency has to be an architectural decision, not a caveat.
Efficiency treated as a caveat is efficiency that never happens. It gets raised at the end of a design cycle, priced against a shipping date, and deferred. The only version that works is efficiency as a constraint present at the start, on the same page as performance and cost.
At the scale the industry is now building, this stops being an environmental footnote and becomes a physical limit on what can be built at all. Grids, substations, water and cooling capacity are now on the critical path of AI deployment in a way transistor density no longer is. A design that assumes power is available is a design that will be told otherwise.
The uncomfortable part is that the coupled system — chiplet, package, interconnect and cooling — is where most of the remaining efficiency actually lives, and it is exactly the part no single vendor owns end to end. That makes it a standards problem as much as an engineering one.